Diuretics

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Join us for our discussion on potassium sparing diuretics as we continue our lecture series on cardiovascular pharmacology and how to treat Hypertension (HTN). During this lecture Ninja Nerd Science will go into detail on how potassium sparing diuretics such as Spirinolactone are used to lower and control high blood pressure as well as decrease the excretion of potassium through the urine.

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A diuretic is any substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine. This includes forced diuresis. There are several categories of diuretics. All diuretics increase the excretion of water from bodies, although each class does so in a distinct way. Alternatively, an antidiuretic, such as vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone), is an agent or drug which reduces the excretion of water in urine.

Diuretic drugs increase urine output by the kidney (i.e., promote diuresis). This is accomplished by altering how the kidney handles sodium. If the kidney excretes more sodium, then water excretion will also increase. Most diuretics produce diuresis by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium at different segments of the renal tubular system. Sometimes a combination of two diuretics is given because this can be significantly more effective than either compound alone (synergistic effect).

Types and Examples of Diuretics-
(1) Examples of thiazide diuretics include:
Chlorothiazide (Diuril), Chlorthalidone, Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)
Indapamide, Metolazone
(2) Examples of loop diuretics include: Bumetanide (Bumex), Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin), Furosemide (Lasix), Torsemide (Demadex)
(3) Examples of potassium-sparing diuretics include:
Amiloride, Eplerenone (Inspra), Spironolactone (Aldactone), Triamterene (Dyrenium)

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This video shows multiple choice questions with answers for pharmacology. This video includes question number 6 to 10. This video will be helpful to the students preparing for entrance examination based on multiple choice questions. Multiple choice questions in pharmacology are a part of various competitive examinations.
This questions answers will be helpful in preparation of GPAT examination. The full name of GPAT is graduate pharmacy aptitude test. It is conducted by MS university, Vadodara on belahf of AICTE. GPAT facilitates institutions to select suitable Pharmacy graduates for admission into the Master’s (M.Pharm) program. The student who clears GPAT examination can get stipend of INR 12400 per month. GPAT examination is conducted all over India in February. The score of GPAT is valid for one year only. GPAT is a three hour computer based online examination. GPAT score is accepted by all AICTE-Approved Institutions/University Departments/Constituent Colleges/Affiliated Colleges. A few scholarships and other financial assistance in the field of Pharmacy are also given on the basis of the GPAT score.
Multiple choice questions in pharmacy exams consist of question accompanied by four or five options. From these multiple choices, the students have to choose correct choices. Multiple choice questions in pharmacy includes multiple choice questions in pharmaceutics, pharmacology, pharmaceutical chemistry, biochemistry, microbiology, pharmaceutical analysis, pharmacognosy etc.

Multiple choice questions in pharmaceutics would be helpful to doctors, pharmacists, nurses, dentists, medical representatives and other healthcare professionals for preparation.
Multiple choice questions based examinations includes GPAT (Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Test), NAPLEX (The North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination), PTCE, (Pharmacy technician, certificate exam) and many more.

Multiple choice questions in pharmaceutics includes multiple choice questions from tablets, capsules, liquids, semisolid, unit operation, parenteral dosage form and many more.

GRADUATE PHARMACY APTITUDE TEST (GPAT) is a national level entrance exam conducted by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) every year as per the directions of Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government of India. This test facilitates institutions to select suitable Pharmacy graduates for admission into the Master’s (M.Pharm) program. The GPAT is a three hour computer based online test which is conducted in a single session.The GPAT score is accepted by all AICTE-Approved Institutions/University Departments/Constituent Colleges/Affiliated Colleges. A few scholarships and other financial assistance in the field of Pharmacy are also given on the basis of the GPAT score. GPAT examination consists of multiple choice questions (MCQ) in pharmacy. Multiple choice question consists of 4 option. MCQ are from the various subjections like pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacognosy, quality assurance etc.
This questions answers will be helpful in preparation of NAPLEX examination. The full form of NAPEX is North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (NAPLEX). NAPLEX is a standard examination created by Chance Armour and The National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP). NAPLEX exam help individual state boards of pharmacy to assess an individual’s competency and knowledge for issuance of license to practice as a pharmacist. NAPLEX is a computer administered exam. NAPLEX exam consists of multiple choice questions. NAPLEX examination result is delivered after seven days. To pass the NAPLEX examination, the score must be more than 75. If candidate fails NAPLEX examination, he/she must wait for 91 days for retaking the examination. NAPLEX can only be taken for five times only.

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– This is lesson n# 27 in Pharmacology and n# 8 in Cardiovascular System [ CVS ].

– In this 5 minutes we’ll discuss Diuretics [ Part 3 ], the thiazide diuretics and the thiazide-like diuretics
– Chlorothiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide and Metolazone

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Introduction to diuretics and the mechanism of action of loop diuretics (furosemide).

How to Download Notes in PDF from Solution Pharmacy Facebook Group Using Laptop
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Free Pharmacology- 2 notes (Made by students) –
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An antidiuretic is a substance that helps to control fluid balance in an animal’s body by reducing urination, opposing diuresis. Its effects are opposite that of a diuretic. The major endogenous antidiuretics are antidiuretic hormone (ADH; also called vasopressin) and oxytocin. Both of those are also used exogenously as medications in people whose bodies need extra help with fluid balance via suppression of diuresis. Also, there are various other antidiuretic drugs, some molecularly close to ADH or oxytocin and others not. Antidiuretics reduce urine volume, particularly in diabetes insipidus (DI), which is one of their main indications.

The antidiuretic hormone class includes vasopressin (ADH), argipressin, desmopressin, lypressin, ornipressin, oxytocin, and terlipressin. Miscellaneous others include chlorpropamide and carbamazepine.

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