Diuretics

Potassium-sparing diuretics pharmacology review for nursing students in preparation for the NCLEX exam.

This review will discuss the mechanism of action of potassium-sparing diuretics, what conditions they treat, nursing responsibilities, side effects, and patient education.

Potassium-sparing diuretics inhibit the sodium channels in the last parts of the nephron, specifically the last part of the distal tubule and the collecting duct. When sodium channels are inhibited this will decrease the sodium and potassium exchange via the sodium-potassium pump within the nephron. This will cause sodium to stay in the filtrate instead of being reabsorbed, which causes water to stay with the sodium and this achieves the diuretic effect. Furthermore, this will limit potassium from leaving the bloodstream to enter the filtrate (hence SPARING potassium…this can lead to hyperkalemia in some patients).

There are two types of diuretics I discuss in this video: epithelial sodium channel inhibitors (Triamterene and Amiloride) and aldosterone antagonist (Spironolactone and Eplerenone).

Side effects of potassium-sparing diuretics include: hyperkalemia, dehydration, antiandrogen effects like gynecomastia, menstrual problems, decrease sex drive, upset stomach

Nursing interventions include: monitoring for dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, educating about limiting foods high in potassium/salt-substitutes, medication interactions with ACEI, ARBs, NSAIDs and Lithium etc.

#potassiumsparingdiuretics #diuretics #pharmacologynursing

Quiz: https://www.registerednursern.com/potassium-sparing-diuretics-nclex-questions-pharmacology/
Notes: https://www.registerednursern.com/potassium-sparing-diuretics-pharmacology-nclex-review/
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