Diuretics

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#Diuretics Classification Classify #DiUreticsSiteOfAction Kidney

In this video we are providing DIURETICS CLASSIFICATION, which is very important for the GPAT, NIPER, Drug Inspector, Pharmacist Examination.
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Antihypertensive Drug mnemonics- https://youtu.be/NIW4AOox8KM

Hypertension is another name for high blood pressure. It can lead to severe complications and increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and death. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure depends on the work being done by the heart and the resistance of the blood vessels.

(1) Primary (essential) hypertension- For most adults, there’s no identifiable cause of high blood pressure. This type of high blood pressure, called primary (essential) hypertension, tends to develop gradually over many years.

(2) Secondary hypertension
Some people have high blood pressure caused by an underlying condition. This type of high blood pressure, called secondary hypertension, tends to appear suddenly and cause higher blood pressure than does primary hypertension. Various conditions and medications can lead to secondary hypertension, including:

(1) Obstructive sleep apnea
(2) Kidney problems
(3) Adrenal gland tumours
(4) Thyroid problems
(5) Certain defects you’re born with (congenital) in blood vessels
(6) Certain medications, such as birth control pills, cold remedies, decongestants, over-the-counter pain relievers and some prescription drugs
(7) Illegal drugs, such as cocaine and amphetamines

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References:
-Le, Tao. First Aid For The USMLE STEP1 2017. McGraw-Hill Education, 2017.
-Brunton, Lauence. Goodman & Gilman’s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. McGraw-Hill Education, 2018.
-Katzung, Bertram. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. McGraw-Hill Education, 2018

A video covering everything u will ever need to know regarding loop diuretics ranging from physiological mechanism to pharmacological mechanisms .

Covering all topics including drugs, mechanism of action, uses , adverse effects , drug reactions etc.

For more video comment on what topic you would like next.

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Thiazide Diuretics are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension. Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure such as heart attack, stroke and excessive edema.

*** There are 2 parts to this diuretics series, This is Part 1 of 2***

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Answers:
Quiz is in Part 2 video:
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This pharmacology lecture covers topics such as Diuretics, pathophysiology of hypertension, regulation of blood pressure, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, baroreceptors, alpha 1 & beta 1 Beta 2 receptors, vasoconstriction, vasodilation, . Mechanism of action of antihypertensive drugs and their side effects; adrenergic antagonists; alpha & beta blockers, centrally acting adrenergic agents, dihydropyridine & nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, loop, thiazide, potassium-sparing diuretics, renin inhibitors, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor type 1 blockers (ARBs), endothelin receptor antagonist, dopamine-1 receptor agonist, peripheral vasodilators. Drugs mentioned include; hydrochlorothiazide, chlorothiazide, metolazone, indapamide, furosemide, torsemide, demadex, spirinolactone, eplerenone

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00:05 – Renal Physiology & Sodium Reabsorption Mechanisms MADE EASY

07:02 – Diuretics MADE EASY [ 2. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors – Loop and Osmotic diuretics ]
– In 7 minutes we’ll cover:

1. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors ( Acetazolamide )
2. Loop diuretics [ High ceiling diuretics ] ( Bumetanide, furosemide, torsemide, and ethacrynic acid )
3. Osmotic diuretics ( mannitol and urea )

14:00 – Diuretics MADE EASY [ 3. Thiazide diuretics and thiazide-like diuretics ]
– Chlorothiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide and Metolazone

18:56 – Diuretics MADE EASY [ 4. Potassium sparing diuretics ]
– In this 4 minutes we’ll discuss:
1. Aldosterone antagonists
– Spironolactone and eplerenone
2. Sodium channel blockers.
– Triamterene and amiloride

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In this video we are providing THIAZIDE DIURETICS, which is very important for the GPAT, NIPER, Drug Inspector, Pharmacist Examination.
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An osmotic diuretic is a type of diuretic that inhibits reabsorption of water and sodium(Na). They are pharmacologically inert substances that are given intravenously. They increase the osmolarity of blood and renal filtrate.

Two examples are mannitoland isosorbide.

In the nephron, osmotic diuretics act at the portions of the nephron that are water-permeable.

Osmotic diuretics work by expanding extracellular fluid and plasma volume, therefore increasing blood flow to the kidney. This washes out the cortical medullary gradient in the kidney. This stops the loop of Henle from concentrating urine, which usually uses the high osmotic and solute gradient to transport solutes and water.

These agents can also act at other parts of the body. For example, they can be used to reduce intracranialand intra-ocular pressure. Osmotic diuretics increase plasma volume, but because they do not cross the blood-brain barrier, this does not affect the nervous system. In effect, this is the cause of their action reducing locally the plasma volume in the nervous system.